Iyini i-Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)?
I-Polyvinylpyrrolidone, esifushanisiwe njenge-PVP. I-Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) iyinhlanganisela ye-polymer engeyona ionic ekhiqizwa yi-polymerization ye-N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Isetshenziswa njenge-adjuvant, i-adjuvant, kanye ne-excipient emikhakheni eminingi efana nemithi, izindwangu, amakhemikhali, isiphuzo, namakhemikhali ansuku zonke. Ngokwezidingo zomkhiqizo, i-PVP ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezine: ibanga lezimboni, ibanga lezimonyo, ibanga lokudla, kanye nebanga lezemithi. Ama-homopolymers, ama-copolymers, kanye nemikhiqizo yochungechunge lwe-polymer exhumene nesiphambano enesisindo samangqamuzana asuka ezinkulungwaneni kuya ngaphezu kwesigidi esisodwa isetshenziswe kabanzi ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu nezihlukile.
I-PVP ihlukaniswe ngamaleveli amane ngokusekelwe esilinganisweni sesisindo samangqamuzana, futhi ivame ukumelwa ngamavelu angu-K. Amanani ahlukene ka-K amele ububanzi obuhambisanayo besisindo semolekyuli ye-PVP. Inani le-K empeleni liwuphawu lwenani elihlobene ne-viscosity ehlobene yesisombululo samanzi se-PVP, futhi i-viscosity iyinani elibonakalayo elihlobene nesisindo se-molecule yama-polymer. Ngakho-ke, inani le-K lingasetshenziswa ukuveza isilinganiso sesisindo samangqamuzana se-PVP. Ngokuvamile, inani le-K elikhudlwana, i-viscosity yayo iyanda futhi iqinile ukunamathela kwayo. Izinhlobo zomkhiqizo eziyinhloko kanye nokucaciswa kwe-PVP kungahlukaniswa ngamazinga e-viscosity we-K-15, K17, K25, K-30, K60, ne-K-90 ngokusekelwe esisindweni samangqamuzana.
I-UNILONG INDUSTRY ingahlinzeka ngokulandelayoI-PVP-Kimikhiqizo yochungechunge:
| UHLOBO | I-PVP K12 | I-PVP K15 | I-PVP K17 | I-PVP K25 | I-PVP K30 | I-PVP K60 | I-PVP K90 | |
| Ukubukeka | Impushana emhlophe | |||||||
| K Inani | 10.2-13.8 | 12.75-17.25 | 15.3-18.36 | 22.5-27.0 | 27-32.4 | 54-64.8 | 81-97.2 | |
| Ukungcola kwengoma eyodwa ye-NVP (ukungcola A) | (CP2005/USP26) %ubukhulu | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| (USP31/EP6/BP2007) ppm ubuningi | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
| Amanzi % ubuningi | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | |
| Okuqukethwe % min | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | |
| i-pH (5% isixazululo esinamanzi) | 3.0-5.0 | 3.0-5.0 | 3.0-5.0 | 3.0-5.0 | 3.0-5.0 | 4.0-7.0 | 4.0-7.0 | |
| I-sulfate ash% max | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Okuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ﹪ | 11.5-12.8 | 11.5-12.8 | 11.5-12.8 | 11.5-12.8 | 11.5-12.8 | 11.5-12.8 | 11.5-12.8 | |
| Okuqukethwe okungu-2-P % ubuningi | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | |
| I-Aldehyde ppm max | 500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | |
| I-Heavy metal ppm max | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
| IHydrazine ppm max | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| I-hydrogen peroxide ppm max | 400 | 400 | 400 | 400 | 400 | 400 | 400 | |
I-PVP, njenge-synthetic water-soluble polymer compound, inezici ezijwayelekile zamakhompiyutha e-polymer ancibilika emanzini, okuhlanganisa ukuvikelwa kwe-colloid, ukwakheka kwefilimu, ukubopha, ukumuncwa umswakama, i-solubilization noma i-coagulation. Kodwa-ke, isici sayo esihluke kakhulu ukuncibilika kwayo okuhle kakhulu nokuhambisana komzimba, okudonse ukunaka. Kuma-polymers okwenziwa, i-PVP, encibilika emanzini nasezincibilikisini eziningi eziphilayo, inobuthi obuphansi, nokuhambisana okuhle komzimba, ayibonakali ngokuvamile, ikakhulukazi emikhakheni ehlobene kakhulu nempilo yabantu njengemithi, ukudla, nezimonyo. Okulandelayo yisingeniso esiqondile ezindaweni zayo zokufaka isicelo:
Emkhakheni wezimonyo zansuku zonke
Ezimonyoni zansuku zonke, i-PVP ne-copolymer zinokuhlakazeka okuhle kanye nempahla yokwenza ifilimu. I-PVP ingavikela i-colloid ku-lotion, futhi ingasetshenziswa kokhilimu abanamafutha nabangewona amafutha, njengokusetha uketshezi, isifutho sezinwele kanye ne-ejenti yokumisa i-mousse, i-hair conditioner sunscreen, i-shampoo foam stabilizer, i-wave setting agent, kanye ne-disperant yezinwele ne-affinity agent. Ukwengeza i-PVP kukhilimu weqhwa, i-sunscreen, kanye nama-ejenti asusa izinwele kungathuthukisa imiphumela yokumanzisa neyokugcoba.
Inkambu yokuwasha
I-PVP inezinto zokunqanda ukungcoliswa kanye nemvula futhi ingasetshenziselwa ukulungisa uketshezi olubonisa ngale noma iziwashi ezinzima ezingcolisayo. Ukwengeza i-PVP ezintweni zokuhlanza kunomphumela omuhle wokunqanda ukushintsha umbala futhi kungathuthukisa ikhono lokuhlanza. Lapho ugeza izindwangu, kungavimbela ama-synthetic detergents ekucasuleni isikhumba, ikakhulukazi imicu yokwenziwa. Lokhu kusebenza kuvelele kakhulu kunezokuhlanza i-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). I-PVP ingahlanganiswa ne-borax njengesithako esisebenzayo ekwakhiweni kwama-phenolic disinfectant cleaning agents. Isihlanzi esakhiwe nge-PVP ne-hydrogen peroxide sinemisebenzi yokufiphaza nokubulala amagciwane.
Ukuphrinta kwendwangu nokudaya
I-PVP inobudlelwano obuhle nodayi abaningi bemvelo futhi ingahlangana nemicu yokwenziwa ye-hydrophobic efana ne-polyacrylonitrile, ama-esters, inayiloni, nezinto ze-fibrous ukuthuthukisa amandla okudaya kanye ne-hydrophilicity. Ngemuva kwe-PVP ne-nylon ngokuxhunyelelwa kwe-copolymerization, indwangu ekhiqiziwe ithuthukise ukumelana kwayo nomswakama kanye nokumelana nomswakama.
Ama-coatings nama-pigments
Opende nezingubo ezinamekwe nge-PVP zisobala ngaphandle kokuthinta umbala wazo wemvelo, zithuthukisa ukucwebezela nokuhlakazeka kwezingubo zokugqoka nezimibalabala, zithuthukisa ukuqina kokushisa, futhi zithuthukise ukuhlakazeka koyinki noyinki.
Inkambu yezokwelapha
I-PVP inokunganyakaziswa okuhle kakhulu komzimba, ayihlanganyeli kumetabolism yomuntu, futhi inokuhambisana okuhle kakhulu kwe-biocompatibility, okungabangeli noma yikuphi ukucasuka esikhumbeni, ulwelwesi lwamafinyila, amehlo, njll. I-Medical grade PVP ingenye yezinto ezintathu ezintsha ezisiza ekwenziweni kwemithi ezikhuthazwa emhlabeni wonke, okuyinto ingasetshenziswa njenge-binder yamaphilisi nama-granules, i-co solvent yemijovo, kanye ne-flow aid yama-capsules; Ama-detoxifiers, ama-extender, ama-lubricant nama-ejenti akha ifilimu amaconsi esweni, izisabalalisi zokwenziwa koketshezi, iziqinisi zama-enzyme nezidakamizwa ezithinta ukushisa, futhi zingasetshenziswa njengezilondolozi zezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Isetshenziselwa ukuxhumana namalensi ukukhulisa i-hydrophilicity kanye nokuthambisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-PVP ingasetshenziswa futhi njenge-ejenti yokuqhathanisa yombala kanye ne-X-ray; Ingasetshenziselwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zomthamo wezidakamizwa ezifana namaphilisi, ama-granules, namanzi. Ine-detoxification, i-hemostasis, ukwanda kokugxila kokuqedwa, ukuvimbela ukunamathela kwe-peritoneal, kanye nokukhuthaza izinga le-erythrocyte sedimentation. I-PVP K30 yethulwe ngokusemthethweni ngemvume yomnyango kazwelonke olawula ukuphathwa kwemithi.
Ukucubungula ukudla
I-PVP ngokwayo ayiyona i-carcinogenic futhi inokuphepha okuhle kokudla. Ingenza ama-complexes anezinhlanganisela ezithile ze-polyphenolic (njenge-tannins) futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu njenge-ejenti ecacisayo nenzayo ekucubunguleni ukudla, njengobhiya, ijusi yezithelo, newayini. I-PVP ingenza ama-complexes anezinhlanganisela ezithile ze-polyphenolic (njenge-tannins), ezidlala indima ecacisayo kanye ne-anticoagulant eziphuzweni zejusi yezithelo. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-PVP exhumene nobhiya netiye kusabalele kakhulu. Izinto ze-polyphenolic kubhiya zingabophana namaprotheni kubhiya ukuze zakhe ama-tannin macromolecular complexes, athinta kakhulu ukunambitheka kukabhiya futhi afinyeze impilo yawo yeshalofu. I-Crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVPP) ingachelate nge-tannic acid nama-anthocyanins kubhiya, ngaleyo ndlela icacise ubhiya, ithuthukise ukuqina kwayo kwesitoreji, futhi yandise impilo yayo yeshalofu. Eziphuzweni zetiye, ukusetshenziswa kwe-PVPP kunganciphisa ngokufanelekile okuqukethwe kwetiye polyphenols, futhi i-PVPP ayihlali eziphuzweni zetiye, okwenza isetshenziswe kabusha futhi inciphise kakhulu izindleko.
Izindawo eziyinhloko zokusetshenziswa kwe-PVP okwamanje zigxile ezimbonini zansuku zonke zamakhemikhali nezemithi, futhi ukukhula kwalezi zimboni ezimbili kuzoqhubeka nokushayela isidingo esikhulu sokusetshenziswa kwe-PVP esikhathini esizayo. Emkhakheni osafufusa we-PVP, embonini yebhethri ye-lithium, i-PVP ingasetshenziswa njenge-dispersant ye-lithium battery electrode kanye nensiza yokucubungula yezinto zokuqhuba; Embonini ye-photovoltaic, i-PVP ingasetshenziswa njenge-disperant ukukhiqiza impushana yesiliva eyindilinga yekhwalithi ephezulu yokunamathisela isiliva ye-electrode, impushana yesiliva efana neshidi ye-electrode engalungile yokunamathisela isiliva, kanye nezinhlayiya zesiliva ze-nano. Ngokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwezinga lokungena kwebhethri le-lithium kanye nokwanda komthamo ofakiwe we-photovoltaic, lezi zinkambu ezimbili ezivelayo zizoqhuba kakhulu isidingo se-PVP.
U-Unilong ungumphakeli ochwepheshe, futhi iUchungechunge lwe-PVPithuthukiswe futhi yakhiqizwa iminyaka eyishumi. Ngezinguquko emakethe, ukuhlinzekwa kwemikhiqizo ye-PVP kuyashoda. Njengamanje, sengeze eminye imigqa emibili yokukhiqiza, enempahla eyanele namanani avumayo. Sicela ukhululeke ukubuza.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-01-2023