Ihlobo selifikile, futhi into edida kakhulu kuwo wonke umuntu ukulondolozwa kokudla. Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukudla kusha isibe yindaba eshisayo kulezi zinsuku. Ngakho-ke kufanele sizigcine kanjani izithelo nemifino emisha lapho sibhekene nehlobo elishisayo kangaka? Njengoba sibhekene nalesi simo, eminyakeni yamuva nje, ucwaningo lwesayensi luthole isithiyo esisebenzayo sesenzo se-ethylene -1-MCP. Isithiyo se-1-MCP asigcini nje ngokuba yingozi, asinangozi, asinazinsalela, futhi sinobungani nemvelo, kodwa futhi sisetshenziswa kabanzi ekulondolozweni kwezithelo, imifino nezimbali. Ngezansi, sizokwethula imininingwane ethile yomkhiqizo we-1-MCP.
Kuyini i-1-MCP?
1-MCP, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-1-Methylcycloprotene,I-CAS 3100-04-7. I-1-MCP iyisivimbeli se-ethylene esisebenzayo esingavimbela uchungechunge lwezimpendulo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ezihlobene nokuvuthwa kwezithelo okubangelwa yi-ethylene, sivimbele ukuqina kokuphefumula kwezitshalo, sibambezele ngempumelelo ukuvuthwa kwezithelo kanye nenqubekela phambili yokuguga, silondoloze ukubukeka kwasekuqaleni kanye nekhwalithi yezithelo nemifino isikhathi eside, sinciphise ukuhwamuka kwamanzi, sinciphise umonakalo wezifo kanye nokubola kwamagciwane, Ukuze silondoloze ikhwalithi yokugcina yezithelo. Futhi i-1-MCP ayinabo ubuthi futhi ayinazo izinsalela, ihlangabezana nezinkomba ezahlukahlukene zezilondolozi zevidiyo zikazwelonke, futhi ingasetshenziswa ngokuzethemba.
Imininingwane ye-1-MCP
| I-CAS | 3100-04-7 | |
| Igama | ||
| Igama elifanayo | 1-Methylcyclopropene, 1-MCP;I-Methylcyclopropen; I-1-Methylcyclopropen (1-MCP); Ukugcinwa okusha kwezithelo; 1-methylecyclopropene | |
| MF | ||
| Into | Okujwayelekile
| Umphumela |
| Ukubukeka | Cishe i-powder emhlophe | Abafanelekile |
| Ukuhlolwa (%) | ≥3.3 | 3.6 |
| Ubumsulwa (%) | ≥98 | 99.9 |
| Ukungcola | Akukho ukungcola okukhulu | Akukho ukungcola okukhulu |
| Umswakama (%) | ≤10.0 | 5.2 |
| Umlotha（%） | ≤2.0 | 0.2 |
| Amanzi ancibilikayo | Isampula eli-1g lincibilikiswe ngokuphelele ku-100g wamanzi | Kuqediwe ngokuphelele |
Isicelo se-1-MCP
Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa kwe-1-MCP, izindlela eziningi zokulondolozwa nokulondolozwa ngokomzimba zasetshenziswa: 1. ukuqandisa izinga lokushisa eliphansi, 2. ukugcina umoya olawulwayo, kanye 3. ukwelashwa ngokushisa, ukukhanya, kanye ne-microwave. Kodwa-ke, lezi zindlela ezintathu zidinga abasebenzi abaningi kanye nezinsizakusebenza, futhi isikhathi side futhi sifushane. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi i-1-MCP ingancintisana ngempumelelo ukubopha kuma-receptor e-ethylene, ibambezele ukuvuthwa nokuguga kwezithelo. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezingezona ezinobuthi, ukusetshenziswa okuphansi, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, kanye nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezizinzile, okwamanje isetshenziswa kabanzi ekugcineni izithelo nemifino, ngesilinganiso esiphezulu sokusetshenziswa emakethe kanye nokukhushulwa.
I-1-MCP ayigcini nje ngokuvimbela noma ukulibazisa ukuguga komzimba ezitshalweni, kodwa futhi inobuthi obuphansi. I-LD50>5000mg/kg empeleni iyisithako esingeyona ubuthi; Ukuhlushwa okusetshenzisiwe kuphansi kakhulu, futhi lapho kucutshungulwa izithelo, imifino, nezimbali, ukuhlushwa emoyeni kudinga ukuba yisigidi esisodwa kuphela, ngakho-ke inani elisele ezithelweni, imifino, nezimbali ngemva kokusetshenziswa liphansi kakhulu kangangokuthi alikwazi ukutholakala; I-1-MCP iphinde yadlula ukuhlolwa kwesimemezelo sewebhusayithi ye-US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) futhi ibhekwa njengephephile futhi ayinabo ubuthi, ifanele ukusetshenziswa ezimbalini, izithelo nemifino, futhi iphephile kubantu, izilwane, kanye nemvelo. Asikho isidingo sokumisa imikhawulo yemithamo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.
Iyini imbono yemakethe ye-1-MCP?
Kwamazwe ezolimo, inani elikhulu lezithelo nemifino emisha likhiqizwa minyaka yonke. Ngenxa yokuthuthuka okungaphelele kwe-cold chain logistics yemikhiqizo yezolimo, cishe ama-85% ezithelo nemifino asebenzisa i-logistics evamile, okuholela ekuboleni nasekulahlekelweni okukhulu. Lokhu kunikeza isikhala esikhulu semakethe sokukhuthazwa nokusetshenziswa kwe-1-methylcyclopropene. Imiphumela yocwaningo ikhombisa ukuthi i-1-methylcyclopropene inganciphisa kakhulu ukuthamba nokubola kwezithelo nemifino, futhi yandise isikhathi sayo sokugcina kanye nesikhathi sokugcina. Lokhu kuphetha ukwethulwa kwe1-MCPUma ungathanda ukwazi okwengeziwe ngomkhiqizo, ngicela ungishiyele umlayezo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-01-2023