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1-Methylcyclopropene(efushanisiwe njenge-1-MCP) i-CAS 3100-04-7, iyinhlanganisela encane ye-molecule enesakhiwo esijikelezayo futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wokulondolozwa komkhiqizo wezolimo ngenxa yendima yayo eyingqayizivele ekulawulweni kwempilo yezitshalo

I-1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) iyinhlanganisela enendlela ehlukile yokusebenza futhi inezicelo ezibalulekile emikhakheni eminingi, ikakhulukazi kwezolimo nasekulondolozweni kokudla. Nazi izinhlelo zayo eziyinhloko kanye nemininingwane ehlobene:

Insimu yezolimo nokulondolozwa kwezithelo

1. Vimbela umphumela we-ethylene futhi wandise isikhathi sokusha kwezithelo

Isimiso sokusebenza: I-Ethylene iyi-hormone ebalulekile yokuvuthwa nokuguga kwezithelo zezitshalo. I-1-MCP ingabopha ngokungenakulungiseka kuma-receptor e-ethylene, ivimbele ukudluliselwa kwesignali ye-ethylene, ngaleyo ndlela ibambezele izinqubo zokuvuthwa, ukuthamba kanye nokuguga kwezithelo.

Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza:

Ukulondolozwa kwezithelo ezahlukahlukene: njenge-apula, amapheya, ubhanana, ama-kiwi, umango, ama-strawberry, njll. Isibonelo, uma ama-apula ephathwa nge-1-MCP ngemuva kokuwavuna, angandisa kakhulu isikhathi sawo sokuhlala efrijini noma ekushiseni kwegumbi, futhi agcine ukuqina nokuthungwa kwenyama.

Lawula izifo zomzimba ngemva kokuvunwa: Nciphisa izinkinga ezifana nokuba nsundu kanye nokubola kwezithelo okubangelwa yi-ethylene (njengesifo samabala amnyama kubhanana).

Izinzuzo: Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto ezimunca i-ethylene zendabuko (njenge-potassium permanganate),1-MCPinomphumela ohlala isikhathi eside futhi osebenza kahle, futhi idinga umthamo ophansi (ngokuvamile i-ppm embalwa).

2. Lawula ukuguga kwezimbali nezitshalo zokuhlobisa

Kusetshenziswa ekulondolozweni kwezimbali ezisikiwe: Kwandisa impilo yesitsha sezimbali ezisikiwe njengezimbali ezisikiwe, ama-carnation kanye nama-lilies, futhi kubambezele ukubuna nokushabalala kwamacembe.

Ukuphathwa kwezitshalo ezifakwe emabhodweni: Kuvimbela ukuguga kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kwezitshalo zokuhlobisa zasendlini (njengePhalaenopsis) futhi kugcine isimo sesitshalo sikhangayo.

Insimu Yokulima Nokulima Izitshalo

1. Lawula ukukhula nokukhula kwezitshalo

Ukunciphisa ukuguga kwemifino: Isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwemifino ngemuva kokuvunwa njenge-broccoli ne-lettuce ukuze kugcinwe umbala wayo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nokusha.

Ukulawula ukuhambisana kokuvuthwa kwezitshalo: Ekutshalweni kwezithelo ezifana notamatisi nopelepele, ukwelashwa kwe-1-MCP kwamukelwa ukuze kwenziwe ukuvuthwa kwezithelo kufane, okwenza kube lula ukuvunwa kanye nokucutshungulwa okuphakathi.

2. Nciphisa izimpendulo zokucindezeleka kwezitshalo

Ukumelana nokucindezeleka okuthuthukisiwe: Ngaphansi kokuhamba noma ukucindezeleka kwemvelo (njengokushisa okuphezulu noma okuphansi), kunciphisa impendulo yokucindezeleka okubangelwa yi-ethylene ezitshalweni, futhi kunciphisa ukuphuzi nokuwa kwamaqabunga.

Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaba khona

1. Ukwelashwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi embonini yokudla

I-1-Methylcyclopropene isetshenziselwa ukulondolozwa kwezithelo ezisanda kunqunywa (njengezingcezu zama-apula nezingcezu zamapheya), ukulibazisa ukugqwala kanye nokunsundu, nokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kweshelufu.

2. Ucwaningo lwesayensi kanye nocwaningo lokuhlola

Njengethuluzi elihlanganisiwe lokufunda indlela yokusebenza kwe-ethylene, lisetshenziswa ekuhlolweni kwe-physiology yezitshalo kanye ne-molecular biology ukuhlola indlela yokulawula yendlela yokubonisana ye-ethylene.

Izinyathelo Zokuqapha Zokusebenzisa

Ukuhambisana nesikhathi:1-Methylcyclopropenekufanele isetshenziswe ngaphambi kokukhishwa kwe-ethylene esithelweni noma esitshalweni (njengokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngemva kokuqoqwa) ukuze kube nomphumela omuhle kakhulu. Uma isithelo sesingene esigabeni sokugcina sokuvuthwa, umphumela wokwelashwa uzoncipha.

Ukulawulwa kwesilinganiso: Izitshalo ezahlukene zinokuzwela okuhlukile ku-1-Methylcyclopropene 1-MCP (isibonelo, uhlobo lokuguqulwa kwezithelo luzwela kakhulu). Ukuhlushwa kokusetshenziswa kufanele kulungiswe ngokwezinhlobo ukuze kugwenywe ukunambitheka kwezithelo okungajwayelekile okubangelwa umthamo oweqile (njengokuba “yimpuphu” yama-apula).

Izimo zemvelo: Ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe endaweni evaliwe (njengegumbi lokugcina izinto elilawulwayo noma izikhwama zepulasitiki), njengoba izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama kungathinta ukumuncwa kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-1-MCP.

Okwamanje, ngicabanga ukuthi wonke umuntu uzobe esecabangele umbuzo owodwa:

Ingabe ukusetshenziswa kwe-1-methylcyclopropene kuyingozi emzimbeni womuntu?

I-1-methylcyclopropene ayinangozi emzimbeni womuntu ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele zokusetshenziswa, futhi ukuphepha kwayo kuye kwaqashelwa yizikhungo zomhlaba wonke ezigunyaziwe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubuthi obukhulu, imiphumela yezempilo yesikhathi eside noma izingozi ezisele, konke kungaphakathi kobubanzi obamukelekayo. Abathengi akudingeki bakhathazeke lapho bedla imikhiqizo yezolimo ephathwe nge-1-MCP, futhi abaqhubi badinga ukulandela izinqubo zokuphepha kuphela ukuze bagweme ingozi yokuchayeka emsebenzini. Inzuzo eyinhloko yalobu buchwepheshe isekwandiseni isikhathi sokuvuselelwa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo ngezindlela zesayensi kunokuletha izingozi zokuphepha ezingaba khona.

Inani eliyinhloko le-1-methylcyclopropene lisekulawuleni ngokunembile imiphumela yomzimba ye-ethylene ukuze kufezwe ukulondolozwa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo kanye nokuphathwa kokukhula kwezitshalo. I-1-methylcyclopropene isibe yindlela ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe yokwelapha ngemva kokuvunwa kwezolimo zanamuhla, ikakhulukazi inezinzuzo ezibalulekile ekwandiseni impilo yokugcina nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yezithelo nezimbali. Ikakhulukazi ehlobo, indawo eshisa kakhulu kanye nomswakama ophezulu ehlobo ingasheshisa kalula ukonakala kwezithelo. Ukulondolozwa kwesayensi kudinga ukwakha izinhlelo ezihambisana nezici zezithelo kanye nezici zemvelo.

Ikakhulukazi ehlobo, indawo eshisa kakhulu kanye nomswakama ophezulu ehlobo ingasheshisa kalula ukubola kwezithelo. Ukulondolozwa kwesayensi kudinga ukwakha amapulani ahambisana nezici zezithelo kanye nezici zemvelo. SingochwephesheAbahlinzeki be-1-methylcyclopropene. Impuphu ye-1-MCP iyisinqumo esihle kuwe.