Yonke imikhiqizo ekhanyisa isikhumba iqukethe inqwaba yamakhemikhali, amaningi awo avela emithonjeni yemvelo.Nakuba izithako eziningi ezisebenzayo zisebenza kahle, ezinye zazo zingase zibe nemiphumela engemihle.Ngakho-ke, ukuqonda izithako ezisebenzayo zokukhanyisa isikhumba kuyiphuzu elibalulekile lapho ukhetha le mikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba.
Yingakho ingxoxo yalezi zithako ezisebenzayo ibalulekile.Kufanele uqonde umphumela oqondile womkhiqizo ngamunye esikhumbeni, ukusebenza kahle kanye nemiphumela engemihle yomkhiqizo ngamunye.
1. IHydroquinone
Kuyisithako esisetshenziswa kakhulu emikhiqizweni ekhanyisa isikhumba.Yehlisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin.I-Food and Drug Administration ilinganisela ukusetshenziswa kwayo kumaphesenti amabili nje kuphela emikhiqizweni ekhanyisa isikhumba ngaphandle kwe-counter.Lokhu kungenxa yokukhathazeka mayelana ne-carcinogenicity yayo.Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi lungabangela nokucasuka kwesikhumba.Ngakho-ke, eminye imikhiqizo iqukethe i-cortisone ukukhulula lokhu kucasuka.Kodwa-ke, iyisithako esisebenzayo esisebenzayo emikhiqizweni ekhanyisa isikhumba enomsebenzi we-antioxidant.
2. I-Azelaic acid
Kuyisithako semvelo esitholakala kuzinhlamvu ezifana ne-rye, ukolweni nebhali.I-Azelaic acid isetshenziswa ekwelapheni ama-acne.Kodwa-ke, kuye kwatholakala ukuthi kusebenza kahle ngesikhathi sokukhanyisa isikhumba, kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin.Ikhiqizwa ngendlela yekhilimu ene-concentration ye-10-20%.Iyindlela ephephile, yemvelo esikhundleni se-hydroquinone.Kungabangela ukucasuka esikhunjeni esizwelayo ngaphandle uma ungezwani naso.Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-azelaic acid ingase ingasebenzi ekwakhiweni kwesikhumba esivamile (ama-freckles, ama-moles).
3. Ivithamini C
Njenge-antioxidant, uvithamini C kanye nokuphuma kwawo kuvikela ekulimaleni kwesikhumba okubangelwa imisebe yelanga ye-UV.Baphinde babambe iqhaza ekukhanyeni kwesikhumba, ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin.Zibhekwa njengezinye eziphephile esikhundleni se-hydroquinone.Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi lungakhuphula amazinga e-glutathione emzimbeni futhi lube nomthelela okabili ekukhanyeni kwesikhumba.
4. Niacinamide
Ngaphezu kokwenza isikhumba sibe mhlophe, i-niacinamide ingakhanyisa imibimbi nezinduna, futhi yandise umswakama wesikhumba.Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ingenye yezindlela eziphephe kakhulu esikhundleni se-hydroquinone.Ayinayo imiphumela emibi esikhumbeni noma ohlelweni lwebhayoloji yomuntu.
5. Tranexamic acid
Isetshenziswa kuzo zombili izinhlobo ze-topical injectable kanye ne-oral ukukhanyisa isikhumba kanye nokunciphisa isikhumba sombala.Futhi kungenye enye indlela ephephile kune-hydroquinone.Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kwayo akukaze kufakazelwe, kepha ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi iphephile futhi iyasebenza.
6. I-Retinoic acid
I-vitamin "A" ephumayo, esetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ekwelapheni izinduna, kodwa futhi ingasetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa isikhumba, indlela yayo engaziwa.Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukucasuka kwesikhumba kungomunye wemiphumela emibi ye-tretinoin, ekhulisa ukuzwela kwesikhumba emisebeni ye-UV, ngakho-ke abasebenzisi kufanele bakugweme ukuchayeka elangeni ngoba kungase kubangele ukushuka kwesikhumba.Futhi, akuphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
7. I-Arbutin
Iwumthombo wemvelo we-hydroquinone ovela ezinhlotsheni eziningi zamapheya kanye namaqabunga ama-cranberries, ama-blueberries, ama-bearberries nama-mulberry.Inciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin, ikakhulukazi esimweni sayo esihlanzekile, njengoba inamandla kakhulu.Iyindlela ehlukile ephephile nesebenzayo kwamanye amakhemikhali asetshenziswa emikhiqizweni ekhanyisa isikhumba.Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi i-arbutin ingase ibangele ukwanda kwe-hyperpigmentation yesikhumba uma isetshenziswa ngemithamo ephezulu.
8. I-Kojic acid
Kuyisithako semvelo esikhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokuvutshelwa kwerayisi ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwewayini.Isebenza kakhulu.Nokho, ayizinzile futhi iphenduka into ensundu engasebenzi emoyeni noma elangeni.Ngakho-ke, ama-synthetic derivatives asetshenziswa esikhundleni semikhiqizo yesikhumba, kodwa awasebenzi njenge-kojic acid yemvelo.
9. I-Glutathione
I-Glutathione iyi-antioxidant enamakhono okukhanyisa isikhumba.Ivikela isikhumba emonakalweni welanga futhi ivikela nesikhumba ekukhanyeni.I-Glutathione ifika ngendlela yokuthambisa, okhilimu, insipho, amaphilisi nemijovo.Okuphumelela kakhulu amaphilisi e-glutathione, athathwa kabili ngosuku amaviki angu-2-4 ukuze kuncishiswe i-pigmentation yesikhumba.Kodwa-ke, amafomu e-topical awalusizo ngenxa yokumuncwa kwawo kancane kanye nokungena kahle esikhumbeni.Abanye abantu bancamela ukusebenzisa ifomu lomjovo ukuze bathole imiphumela esheshayo.Kodwa-ke, ukujova okuphindaphindiwe kungaholela ezifweni zesikhumba, ukuqubuka.Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-glutathione inamandla okukhanyisa amabala amnyama futhi ikhanyise isikhumba.Kubikwa ukuthi futhi iphephile.
10. Ama-Hydroxy Acids
I-Glycolic acid ne-lactic acid yizona ezisebenza kakhulu kuma-α-hydroxy acids.Zingena ezingqimbeni zesikhumba futhi zinciphise ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin, njengoba ucwaningo luye lwabonisa.Ziphinde zikhiphe, zisuse isikhumba esifile kanye nezingqimba ezingenampilo zesikhumba esine-hyperpigmented.Yingakho kutholakale ukuthi ziyasebenza ekukhanyiseni i-hyperpigmentation esikhumbeni.
11. I-Decolorizer
Ama-Depigmenting agents afana ne-monobenzone ne-mequinol angasetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa isikhumba unomphela.Njengoba engase abangele umonakalo unomphela kumangqamuzana akhiqiza i-melanin, asetshenziswa kakhulu ezigulini ze-vitiligo.Basebenzisa okhilimu abanaleli khemikhali ezindaweni zesikhumba ezingathintekile ukuze bahlukanise isikhumba.Nokho, ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali anjalo kubantu abanempilo akukhuthazwa.Ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi i-monophenone ingabangela ukucasuka kwesikhumba nokungaphatheki kahle kwamehlo.
Ezinye izithako ezisebenzayo
Kunamakhemikhali amaningi asiza imboni yokukhanyisa isikhumba.Noma kunjalo, ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha komuthi ngamunye.Enye yalezi zithako ezisebenzayo i-licorice extract, ikakhulukazi i-licorice.
Ucwaningo luthi lusebenza ngempumelelo ekukhanyiseni izindawo zesikhumba ezimnyama, ezinombala ogqamile kanye nesikhumba esimhlophe.Yehlisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin.I-Vitamin E idlala indima enqubweni yokukhanya kwesikhumba ngokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin.Yandisa amazinga e-glutathione emzimbeni.Nokho, ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kucaciswe ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha kwalawa makhemikhali.
Okokugcina, akuzona zonke izithako ezisebenzayo emikhiqizweni ekhanyisa isikhumba eziphephile.Yingakho abathengi kufanele bafunde izithako ngaphambi kokuthenga noma yimuphi umkhiqizo okhanyisa isikhumba.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-14-2022